The Communist Party of Vietnam convened its seventh congress in Hanoi on June 24-27, 1991 amid complicated domestic and international developments. It was considered a "Congress for a Party of intelligence and for renewal, democracy, discipline and unity."

The 5th National Party Congress took place in Hanoi from March 27-31, 1982, and outlined major targets and orientations for national socio-economic development between 1981 and 1985 in line with the two strategic tasks of building socialism and defending the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

The 6th National Party Congress was held in Hanoi from December 15-18, 1986. It put forward a comprehensive Doi Moi (Renewal) policy with the aim of pulling the country out of an economic crisis, and outlined the main objectives and directions for socio-economic development in the 1986-90 period.

The 4th National Party Congress was held in Hanoi from December 14-20, 1976 after the Vietnamese people had won glorious victories, leading to national reunification and ushering in a new stage for the Vietnamese revolution.

The 3rd National Party Congress was held in Hanoi from September 5-10, 1960. It took place at a time when socialist renovation and economic development in the north had obtained great achievements, and the revolution in the South had taken a leap forward.

The 2nd National Party Congress was held in Vinh Quang commune, Chiem Hoa district, in the northern mountainous province of Tuyen Quang from February 11-19, 1951. As many as 158 official delegates and 53 alternate deputies representing more than 766,349 Party members nationwide attended the event.