This sharp decline not only affects the sector's overall performance but has also triggered a steep drop in domestic market prices.

After reaching a record US$3.3 billion in 2024 and becoming Vietnam’s most valuable fruit export, durian was expected to continue its upward trajectory, especially with China, the largest importer, expanding market access to frozen durian products in addition to fresh ones.

However, in the first four months of 2025, exports slumped unexpectedly, generating only around US$120–130 million (about 35,000 tons), equivalent to just 20% of the planned figure. This marks the steepest fall in the past three years.

As the harvest season kicked off in early May, domestic durian prices plummeted, some places saw prices fall to as low as VND30,000 per kilogram, the lowest in a decade. In several Mekong Delta provinces, ripe durians were left unsold, forcing farmers to sell them roadside.

The setback stems not only from delays in meeting China’s technical requirements, such as the lack of planting area codes, standardized packaging facilities, or testing systems, but also from intensifying competition in the region.

Thailand, the leading exporter to China, is currently in peak harvest. Malaysia is targeting the high-end segment with naturally ripened durians air-shipped to Chinese consumers within 48 hours. Laos is planning strategic planting zones to enter the Chinese market, and Indonesia is finalizing legal procedures to make its official debut there.

Vietnam’s weaknesses in legal frameworks, quarantine protocols, and product quality are becoming more evident under growing pressure. Without thorough preparation, these gaps risk blocking export flows and causing Vietnam to lose ground in its largest market.

In response, Minister of Agriculture and Environment Do Duc Duy has directed urgent and long-term measures. In the short term, coordination with Chinese customs is prioritized to resolve technical bottlenecks. Simultaneously, Vietnam will accelerate the issuance of planting area codes, approval of packaging facilities, and development of internationally standardized laboratories.

For the longer term, the ministry plans to build a clearer legal framework and standardize the value chain from production to export. Technical standards will be refined to boost quality, reduce reliance on fresh fruit exports, and develop processed products such as frozen durian. This is seen as a sustainable strategy to enhance value and expand market reach amid stiff competition.

The ministry is also urging the swift release of guidelines for issuing planting area and packaging facility codes, two key factors for formal exports. Relevant agencies have been tasked with setting up quality control and food safety programs in line with international practices.

A sectoral workshop involving local authorities, businesses, and regulators is also proposed to build consensus and guide joint action.

Beyond domestic efforts, the ministry is preparing for a working visit to China to discuss a comprehensive cooperation program in agriculture and environment, with durian as one of the key areas for alignment.

The current situation is a clear reminder that rapid growth alone is not enough. A solid legal foundation, well-structured systems, and close collaboration between government, businesses, and farmers are essential for Vietnam to maintain its global durian standing.

Durian exports to China resume via Lang Son border gates

VOV.VN - The export of fresh agricultural products and fruits, including durian, to China has resumed via Lang Son border gate after China introduced new regulations requiring an additional Basic Yellow 2 (BY2) certification.