Iraqis make progress against Islamic State in Baiji

Army Colonel Steve Warren, a Defense Department spokesman, said the Pentagon was not ready to declare Baiji refinery, the country's biggest, or the town "liberated," but progress was being made.

"In Baiji (town), the progress is more notable," Warren said. "Friendly forces have begun moving into the town ... and are methodically beginning to root out the enemy."

At the refinery, Iraqi troops have broken through to a contingent of Iraqi troops dug in at the northwest corner of the facility for several months and were able to deliver equipment and personnel to the men on the ground.

There was no single factor that had allowed the Iraqi forces to advance in the town and refinery, located at a strategic crossroads north of Tikrit on the main Baghdad-Mosul highway.

"This was a methodical and often times grinding movement from the south to the north," Warren said. "It took the friendly forces several weeks to be able to break through" an Islamic State defensive line.

The Iraqi force is comprised of a mix of conventional security forces and the so-called Popular Mobilization Forces, which tend to be Shi'ite militias.

Warren said the Shi'ite militias were under the control of the Iraqi government. Washington has declined to support Shi'ite militias that are not controlled by the central government.

Warren said the troops moving against the oil refinery were primarily conventional Iraqi security forces, while the Popular Mobilization Forces made up a majority of units operating in Baiji town.

Iranian-made artillery pieces were arrayed south of Baiji town on the east side of the Tigris river, parallel to the main Iraqi force moving up the west side of the river, Warren said.

Coalition air power has been supporting the bid to retake Baiji.