Migrants scuffle with Hungary police; dead toddler's image shocks Europe
Migrants forced from a train in Hungary scuffled with helmeted riot police and some clung to railway tracks on September 3, as politicians across Europe struggled to respond to public opinion appalled by images of a drowned 3-year-old boy.
France and Germany said European countries must be required to accept their shares of refugees, proposing what would potentially be the biggest change to the continent's asylum rules since World War Two.
Europe's worst refugee crisis since the Yugoslav wars of the 1990s has strained the European Union's asylum system to breaking point, dividing its 28 nations and feeding the rise of right-wing populists.
Hundreds of thousands of refugees from wars in the Middle East, along with economic migrants fleeing poverty in Africa and Asia, have braved the Mediterranean Sea and land routes across the Balkans to reach the European Union. Thousands have died at sea and scores have perished on land.
Nearly all first reach the EU's southern and eastern edges before pressing on for richer and more generous countries further north and west, above all Germany, which has emphasized its moral duty to accept those fleeing genuine peril.
Accusing some European countries of failing to "assume their moral burdens", French President Francois Hollande said he had agreed with German Chancellor Angela Merkel on "a permanent and obligatory mechanism" to allocate refugees across the bloc.
Merkel said Germany was prepared to accept more refugees per capita than its neighbors, but others must do their part with "quotas and rules that are fair and take into account what is possible in each country".
She also acknowledged that laws requiring refugees to apply for asylum in the first EU country where they arrive were "not working any more". Germany has caused confusion among its neighbors by announcing it will accept applications from Syrians regardless of where they enter the EU.
Politicians across the continent acknowledged the impact on September 3 of images of a 3-year-old boy in a red T-shirt and tiny sneakers face down in the surf of a Turkish beach, which gave a haunting human face to the tragedy of thousands dead at sea.
The boy's 5-year-old brother Galip and 35-year-old mother Rehan were also among 12 people who died when two boats carrying 23 capsized while trying to reach a Greek island.